Menopause

Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a woman’s menstrual cycles and fertility. It typically occurs in women in their late 40s to early 50s, although the exact age can vary.

During menopause, the ovaries gradually decrease production of estrogen and progesterone, leading to various physical and emotional changes. Some common symptoms of menopause include:

1. Irregular periods: Menstrual cycles may become irregular before stopping altogether.

2. Hot flashes: Sudden feelings of heat, often accompanied by sweating and flushing of the face and neck.

3. Night sweats: Hot flashes that occur during sleep, leading to night sweats and disrupted sleep patterns.

4. Vaginal dryness: Decreased estrogen levels can lead to vaginal dryness, itching, and discomfort during intercourse.

5. Sleep disturbances: Insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns may occur due to night sweats or hormonal fluctuations.

6. Mood changes: Hormonal changes during menopause can contribute to mood swings, irritability, anxiety, or depression.

7. Changes in libido: Some women may experience a decrease in sexual desire or changes in sexual function during menopause.

While menopause is a natural part of aging, the symptoms can be bothersome for some women and may impact quality of life. Iowa Women’s Health will work with you to determine the best treatment, including:

Hormone therapy: Estrogen therapy, alone or in combination with progesterone, can help relieve hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and other menopausal symptoms. However, hormone therapy is not suitable for everyone and may carry risks, so it’s essential to discuss the potential benefits and risks with a healthcare provider.

Non-hormonal medications: Certain medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), may help relieve hot flashes and mood symptoms.

Lifestyle modifications: Eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, practicing stress-reduction techniques, and avoiding triggers such as caffeine and alcohol may help alleviate menopausal symptoms.

Vaginal moisturizers or lubricants: Over-the-counter vaginal moisturizers or lubricants can help relieve vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse.

Alternative therapies: Some women find relief from menopausal symptoms through alternative therapies such as acupuncture, yoga, or herbal supplements. However, the efficacy and safety of these treatments vary, so it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider before trying them.